An e-passport, also known as a biometric passport, is a next-generation travel document enhanced with advanced electronic features. Its standout component is the embedded RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) chip paired with an antenna, integrated within the cover or inlay of the passport.
This chip securely stores the passport holder’s personal and biometric information, including:
- Full name
- Date of birth
- Passport number
- Digital photograph
- Fingerprints
All data is digitally encrypted and protected using international security protocols such as Basic Access Control (BAC) and Extended Access Control (EAC). These safeguards make the e-passport highly tamper-resistant, forgery-proof, and secure against identity theft.
Key Features of an E-Passport
- RFID Chip & Antenna: Enables contactless scanning and fast identity verification at immigration counters.
- Biometric Data Storage: Stores facial image, fingerprints, and personal details for robust identity protection.
- Advanced Security: Uses Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) to ensure data integrity and block unauthorized access.
- Global Compatibility: Designed to comply with ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) standards for seamless use across international borders.
Benefits of E-Passports
- Faster Immigration Processing: E-passports support automated border control and e-gates, reducing wait times and speeding up traveler clearance.
- Enhanced Safety: Encrypted biometric data makes e-passports nearly impossible to duplicate or tamper with.
- Worldwide Recognition: Over 120 countries, including key global travel hubs, now recognize and accept e-passports.
- User Convenience: The application and issuance process remains largely the same as traditional passports, ensuring easy adoption.
Indian Cities Issuing E-Passports First (As of May 2025)
As part of the Passport Seva Programme 2.0, the Government of India has rolled out e-passports in the following 13 cities:
- Nagpur
- Bhubaneswar
- Jammu
- Goa
- Shimla
- Raipur
- Amritsar
- Jaipur
- Chennai
- Hyderabad
- Surat
- Ranchi
- Delhi
The Ministry of External Affairs has confirmed that e-passports will be available nationwide by mid-2025, with issuance expanding to all Passport Seva Kendras across India.
Conclusion:
E-passports are revolutionizing international travel with their speed, security, and global interoperability. As India steps into the future with biometric passports, travelers can expect a faster, safer, and smarter travel experience.
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